Closed captions are a text track that can be turned on or off by the viewer, and that transcribes dialogue while also identifying non-speech audio such as sound effects, speaker changes, and music. In localization and media accessibility work, they are treated as a separate deliverable from subtitles because they serve deaf and hard-of-hearing viewers rather than only translating foreign-language dialogue.
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Closed captions appear in broadcast, streaming, and corporate video projects as separate deliverable files or caption tracks. Localization teams create them from templates or transcripts, often using captioning guidelines for line breaks, reading speed, and sound labels, then run QA in a caption editor or media player. They are often delivered as SRT or platform-specific caption files.
A frequent mistake is treating closed captions as plain subtitle translation and omitting non-speech cues such as [door slams] or [phone rings]. That removes essential context for deaf and hard-of-hearing viewers and can make the content inaccessible. Another error is exceeding on-screen reading limits, which causes captions to disappear too quickly.
Creative and consumer content needs accurate meaning as well as tone and context. Subtitles, interfaces and voice scripts also require checks for timing, character limits and pronunciation.
Provide approved terms and previous translations with the source files. Agree how variants, ambiguous wording and revisions will be reviewed. Terminology maintenance and any termbase handback are confirmed in the project scope. See the 8-step AI + expert workflow.
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